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''Brighton Voice'' was an alternative or underground newspaper published in Brighton, England in the 1970s and 1980s. ==History== ''Brighton Voice'' was one of the many alternative local newspapers that sprung up in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and 1970s.〔Bob Franklin, ''Local Journalism and Local Media: Making the Local News'', p. 130. Taylor & Francis, 2006〕 With a launching statement describing its aim as "giving a voice to ordinary people"〔Crispin Aubrey, Charles Landry, Dave Morley, ''Here is the "Other" News: Challenges to the Local Commercial Press'', p.23 Minority Press Group, 1980〕 the first issue was published in March 1973. It was started by just two people, an academic at the University of Sussex and a printer at the university, for whom the "reason for starting the paper was opposition to state power, locally and nationally" and who claimed to find the "chic radicalism of Brighton insufferably boring".〔Roy Carr-Hill, "Roy Carr-Hill remembers” in ''Brighton Voice'' (10th Birthday Issue), No. 87, 1983〕 The initial team of two rapidly expanded to five and within three months there were up to 50 people volunteering to assist.〔Brighton Voice Collective, "In the beginning was the Voice” in ''Brighton Voice'' (10th Birthday Issue), No. 87, 1983〕 Its operation was made possible by the arrival of inexpensive photolithography that permitted printing without typesetting. Before the arrival of Desk-Top Publishing it was typed, with the typewritten sections pasted up onto master sheets using Cow Gum, with headlines in Letraset. The first 66 issues were in A4, but from issue 67 the ''Voice'' changed to A3 newsprint and from Issue 72 to A2 newsprint. It was first printed by ''Voice'' personnel on a small press owned by a member of the collective and then at a squat in Islington, North London but printing was quickly moved back to Brighton. In the early days doing the printing yourself was part of the philosophy of those involved.〔 Bankruptcy of the printer and a subsequent suspicious fire meant that printing had to be moved back to London on two occasions, to be printed by another alternative paper, the Islington Gutter Press.〔 Later, to accommodate the new format, it was printed in Bristol. The ''Voice'' was listed in ''Ulrich's Periodicals Directory'' and ''Benn's Media Directory''. It ceased publication with issue No 132 in July 1989, making it one of the longest-running alternative papers in the United Kingdom. By the late 1980s it was facing competition from the growth of commercial listings magazines in Brighton such as ''The Punter'', and the emergence of more extreme anarchist papers such as ''Brighton Bomber'', neither of which has survived. ''Brighton Voice'' was intended to be issued monthly but usually managed about nine issues a year. The collective approach, which allowed anyone who wanted to turn up at monthly editorial meetings and to participate in production led to slow decision making and lengthy editorial meetings. These were initially held in people's homes although in the early days it was difficult to find space for all those who wanted to contribute.〔 Subsequently, editorial meetings were held at the "Open Café”, an anarchist, whole-foods restaurant on Victoria Road in Brighton.〔(The Argus. 9 February 2002. Big Bruno to the very end )〕 The ''Voice'' was typed and laid out in the basement of the café. Subsequently, it moved to several other locations in Brighton and Hove. Distribution of the magazine caused problems. Most newsagents were reluctant to stock it, either because of disagreement with the contents or fear of legal action. In 1976 the local Conservative Member of Parliament, Andrew Bowden, wrote to all the newsagents in his constituency advising them not to sell the ''Voice'' because the collective included "a number of left-wing extremists" responsible for "churning out deliberate lies and political filth". Two years later, local fascists responded to the ''Voices campaign against the National Front by smashing windows of some newsagents.〔Anon, "Brighton Voice" in Crispin Aubrey, Charles Landry, Dave Morley, ''Here is the "Other" News: Challenges to the Local Commercial Press'', pp47-53. Minority Press Group, 1980〕 However, around 25 retailers remained faithful, with a dozen continuing to sell it to the end of its life. Sales were highest at Infinity Foods, a whole foods shop that exists to this day, and on the University of Sussex campus but circulation amongst the ordinary citizens of Brighton and Hove was relatively patchy, despite street sales by members of the collective. Unsurprisingly it spoke mainly to the already committed. Circulation of the ''Voice'' never reached 2000, and sales over its lifetime averaged around 1000. The first issue was sold for 4 New Pence in 1973 (it was launched soon after decimalisation), rising, in two decades of high inflation, to 30 pence by the time of the final issue. Unlike some other alternative newspapers in the UK the ''Voice'' received an insignificant proportion of its income from paid advertising. Also unlike some similar newspapers it received no outside support. While other papers received small subsidies from their local councils it would, as Aubrey ''et al'' point out, have been inconceivable for the ''Voice'' to be subsidised by the then Conservative-controlled Brighton Council, which it regularly attacked.〔Crispin Aubrey, Charles Landry, Dave Morley, ''Here is the "Other" News: Challenges to the Local Commercial Press'', p.16. Minority Press Group, 1980〕 Revenue was primarily generated from sales and the more affluent members of the collective inevitably provided some support. Towards the end of its life the number of people working on the paper declined. Being Desk-Top published the need for so many people to produce it, as was the case in the early days, was no longer there. However, the lack of new blood coming in meant that enthusiasm dwindled. By Issue 125 there were only three people working on it and, eventually, it quietly died. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brighton Voice」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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